Random Walks

From drunkard's walk to stock market fluctuations

🚶 1D Random Walk

The Setup

Imagine a person starting at position \(x=0\). At each step, they flip a coin:

  • Heads (prob \(p\)): Move Right (+1)
  • Tails (prob \(1-p\)): Move Left (-1)

This simple process models Brownian motion, gambling fortunes, and more!

Left Biased Unbiased Right Biased
0
Position: 0

🧩 The Meeting Problem (2D)

Alice starts at top-left (A). Bob starts at bottom-right (B). Alice moves Right/Down. Bob moves Left/Up. What is the probability they meet?

Analysis

  • They can only meet on the diagonal!
  • They meet after exactly 5 steps each (on a 6x6 grid).
  • Total paths for each = \(2^5 = 32\).
  • Total combined paths = \(32 \times 32 = 1024\).

📝 Test Your Understanding

Question 1:

In a simple symmetric 1D random walk (p=0.5), what is the expected position after \(n\) steps?

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